Action Painting As A Type Of Abstract Art.

As part of the American abstract art it was developed the so-called “formless painting” of Jackson Pollock, who considered the creative process valuable in itself, but the result is not important that had meaning only as a remembrance of the creative process, remaining on the canvas. Returning to the primitive syncretism, Pollock transformed painting into a sacred dance of an artist. Polok hang fabric on the wall or put it on the floor, “making” around a shamanistic ritual, the artist, in his words, “entered into the painting.” He developed a technique dripping, which consisted of spraying paint from a can (the French parallel – Tachisme “- painting by spots.) Artistic method of Polok received in England the name “action painting”. In 1952 at an exhibition in Paris his art has made a tremendous impression on critics thirsty another new word.

Another famous European representative of the “action painting” was Georges Mathieu, advancing the techniques of ecstasy to the performance. He arranged his passages of painting in the presence of the public, in front of which speck the linen by flourishes, commas and periods. During his shows, accompanied by music, he was dressed in medieval costume. Mathieu is considered the founder of the “historical abstract painting” (This painting differs from an ordinary historical painting that depicts nothing – no people, no costumes or accessories.)

Creation of Polok, Arshile Gorky, V. de Kooning, Mark Rodkey, Georges Mathieu and others was the most influential direction of abstract painting of 40-50s, emerged in the U.S. – the so-called abstract expressionism. The principle of it is to avoid pre-planned plot and built form. An artist cultivated spontaneous manner of painting and free improvisation on the canvas.

Developing into the art of postmodern, “action painting” acquires more pronounced forms. For example, a happening – is the most common form of “action art”. It is based on an unscheduled activity undertaken by the artist with the participation of the public, when it is erased the line between reality and artistic creation.

Another form of “action art» is performance – is the performance of certain pre-planned action before the assembled audience. But unlike happening, it has a previously prepared script. In addition, in the performance, audience does not take an active part, content with the role of spectator.

The campaign – is, summing up, named an “action art”, which replaces the artwork with a gesture, performance or triggered be the event. The roots of the “action art» are in the first decades of the twentieth century, in the creativity of Futurists, Dadaists and Surrealists. The flowering of the arts was in 60-70 years. One of the leading ideas of modernism on the procedural nature of art is realized in it. “Action art” is the idea about the prevalence of the creative act of its results, on the other hand, it embodies another characteristic tendency of art of the 20th century – the desire to destroy the line between art and reality, to dissolve artistic gesture in an environment that spontaneously occurring in the processes of life.

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