Features Of National Chinese Art.
One undeniable feature of the national Chinese painting is calligraphy. The Chinese writing system emerged from the process of gradual writing hieroglyphs, and development of writing led to the birth of the art of calligraphy. Calligraphy is attracted by the fact that on paper using brush and ink it is created different styles of writing, hieroglyphs. The art of Chinese calligraphy is transmitted from generation to generation and is thriving in our days. In Chinese history it is known a whole galaxy of famous calligraphers, embodied in their work the style of different dynasties. The love to calligraphy can be met everywhere in China. Chinese Society of Calligraphers and the local society of calligraphers regularly hold various competitions on calligraphy, among them there is a lively exchange of experiences and achievements.
Genres of Chinese painting are quite diverse. Thus, there were animal genres (“Flowers and Birds,” Plants and Insects “), everyday genres (” People and things “), parade portrait, miniature on fans and other household items, and landscape painting (” Mountains and Water “). In China there were no still life in the usual sense, the fixed objects from the perspective of Chinese are dead, without motion dynamics of life and time. If they painted stones or fruit, a plant is always next to the stone, and fruits are always on the branch.
Of all the genres landscape acquired the greatest value. Painters of Song dynasty used special decorative system and painted pictures filled with a sense of joy, bright in color with a mass of palaces and characters. In these works the landscape – is a place for walks and entertainment.
Chinese painters have used a range of formal methods, such as “a flexible”, mobile focus instead of linear perspective, depth, and the psychological scale, that was thought more significant and represent, regardless of the natural scale. The painters had a whole arsenal of means: a lot of different kinds of strokes, lines, erosion, etc. And each method was used to transmit very specific effect or status.
The combination and dynamic balance of opposites was the most important concept for the whole Chinese culture in general and for painting in particular. Therefore, there was no heroism in “inventing” of his own style. The ideal was the combination of traditional manner and own innovations.
Nowadays, it often happens that an artist dealing with Chinese painting paints all his life only in any one genre, even a separate subject – portrait of a woman, cat, donkey, horse or peony. In this incredibly hard work it is honed his skill, career is provided, glory comes.
Nowadays in China there are seven art academies of the three stages. In addition, there are branches of fine arts in art and teacher training colleges in the provinces, cities, autonomous regions.
In most art academies there are faculties of traditional Chinese painting, oil painting, engraving, sculpture. In the Central Academy there is also a branch of learning and teaching the art of making Christmas images, illustrations, Department of Art History.
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