Some Notions About Painting.

The history of Western European painting shows a continuous tradition, rooted in the art of antiquity. Prior to the beginning of the 20th century it was relied mostly on representational and classical motifs, with the beginning of the 20th century, painting has acquired more abstract and conceptually rich forms.

The main directions of western painting historically developed parallel to the east – as a rule, with a gap of several centuries. African art, Islamic art, Indian art, Chinese and Japanese painting had a tremendous impact on Western European art, and vice versa.

Being originally an instrument of religious trends, the Western European painting found its adherents among the aristocracy and middle classes. Since the Middle Ages until the Renaissance, the painters worked exclusively for churches and wealthy aristocracy. Since the Baroque painters have began to paint on individual orders of more educated and prosperous middle class. By early 19th century masters of paintings left in the past traditionally established requirements to depict only religious, mythological and historical scenes or draw portraits on the order.

Western art reached its peak in central Europe during the Renaissance, and it was characterized by a combination of refinement and application of perspective drawings. Not only painting, but sculpture, architecture, tapestries and other art skills begin to evolve with peculiar rapidity after the invention of the printing press. The Renaissance brought Europe unprecedented depth and complexity of innovations, discoveries, and by following these innovations the rich heritage of Western painting (from baroque to modern art) – all it had an important influence on the development of painting until the 21th century.

The term “contemporary art” (modern) covers painting from the late 19th century until the 1970′s. The latest painting, painting until the 21th century inclusive, is called “postmodern”; the term “modern art” is also migrated in time to the present day. Initially, the concept of art “modern” in painting belongs to a new approach that assigned special attention to image, emotions, concepts and various abstractions. Painters began to experiment with new kinds of vision, fresh ideas about the nature of materials and functions of painting, often moving away from classical images to the abstraction.

By the end of the 19th century, several movements in art had a particular impact on the future development of painting – including impressionism and symbolism. Japanese paintings and Oriental decorative arts in general gave impetus to the picturesque grounds and technicians of the 20th century.

Among the affluent painting flows in the 21th century are – fauvism, cubism, expressionism and futurism. The First World War engendered several anti-war flows in painting – such as Dadaism or surrealism. The painters of group Style and Bauhaus were progressive in their intention to express multimedia of contemporary art, to establish a close relationship between painting, architecture, design, etc.

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