The History Of Development Of Japanese Painting.

Japanese painting – is a unique phenomenon not only in the Japanese culture, but throughout the world of painting. For the unenlightened man Japanese painting may seem extremely simple in execution. However, this is not true: one must possess a high level of skill to depict the Japanese graphics a few strokes, the graphics which will be filled with experiences and emotional colors.

In Japanese painting there are a fairly large number of styles, techniques and forms.

Japanese graphics is usually represented in the form of scrolls: hanging and of horizontal format, album pages, as well as on screen and fans. There are two main directions in the development of the Japanese graphics: pure Japanese and continental (borrowed from Korea and China).

The traditional genre is characterized by images of nature: the majestic mountains, fast rivers, bright colors, beautiful animals, as well as works devoted to sunrise and sunset, the holiday of flowering of cherry trees, domestic violence, a certain hour of the day, etc. It is impossible to list all the threads of Japanese graphics. The most popular and celebrated styles of Japanese painting in the history of Land of the Rising Sun are: sumi-e Yamato-e, ukiyo-e, and the other: kara-e, Namban, budzinga etc.

For experts it is no secret that the Japanese engraving is genetically related to the art of calligraphy. In this country, even there is the notion of the unity of the principles of calligraphy and painting. Like in the Chinese, in the Japanese engraving monochrome pictures have played a huge role for a long time. In Middle Ages for a long time the main direction of Japanese calligraphy remained sumi-e. Sumi-e – is the Japanese calligraphy, painted by ink. Initially, sumi-e was borrowed from China in the XIV century, and at the end of XV century, has become a mainstream of Japanese graphics. Scrolls of sumi-e – are monochrome, pained on the basis of black ink. It is a form of charcoal or obtained from soot. This mascara is pounded, diluted with water and applied with a brush on paper and silk. In the hands of the artist ink acquired a variety of shades of gray, which gave the product a great dimension and depth.

The spread of Buddhism in the state had a great significance for the Japanese painting; for cult practices it was created some demand for Japanese paintings. Since X century so-called emakimono (long horizontal scrolls) began to be created mass. They depicted various scenes from Buddhist stories, parables, etc. Demand and a great interest in the work of painters began to rise. Contacts with the mainland had a big role in the development of Japanese calligraphy. At the beginning of VII century from China the technologies of paper and inks have been borrowed.

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