The Styles Of Abstract Art.

In abstract art it is excluded a figurative base that constitutes the essence of artistic creativity.

Early (1920 – 1930 years.) abstractionism was widely spread in architecture and applied art. Its nourishing area was the mood of the bourgeois intelligentsia.

Late (post-war years) abstractionism is represented by three streams:

1) Expressive paintings and drawings (ease, spontaneous combination of lines and spots);

2) Surrealism (attraction to the mystery, magic, psychological nightmare visions, delusional associations, absurd combination of various objects and images), which are most fully represented in the work of C. Daly and R. Mogritt;

3) Abstract geometrized, technicized art (purely decorative solutions, an abstract sculpture made of different kinds of metal with the use of modern means of treatment). The most complete development of abstract art was in the U.S.

In place of abstractionism avant-garde has come. A bright splash of this direction of modernism was at the end of the 60′s. The avant-garde underlies the ideas of the hippie counterculture, expressing protest against everything in the world, a protest for the sake of protest. Avant-garde – is a surrogate of art, which is alien to the beauty, harmony. The representatives of the avant-garde create between art and non-art.

As a result appear:

Op art (optical art) – ornamental geometric compositions,
Dimensional art,
Earthworks art,
Art of the new figurative,
Pop-art (popular art).

The popular, or pop art is the most well known from all types of avant-garde. Artists working in this style use in the work the real objects, advertisements, photos, and any other pictures torn from their natural environment, and create arbitrary combinations of them, trying to find a relationship, or without any relationship. The result is a so-called artifact (artificially assembled composition, structure), but not a work of art. This composition should cause certain associations, experiences, arising in addition to artistic impressions.

Pop art emerged as a reaction to the phenomenon of abstract art, opposing its extreme abstractness. A bright representative of pop art is American artist Rauschenberg.

Pop art appeared as aggression of mass culture, showed them everything that it was carrying, having turned the art into the show, reflecting the uncompromising attitude to modernity.

At the end of the current – the beginning of the next decade will be celebrated the centenary of abstract art. However, despite the fact that this phenomenon has long been accepted by the general public, its nature is not quite clear, as well as the date of writing of the first abstract painting.

We can say with confidence only that between 1910 and 1915 many European artists have tried to create non-objective, non-figurative things (in painting, drawing, sculpture). Among them: Robert Delaunay, M. Larionov, F. Picabia, Kupka F., P. Klee, F. Marc, A. Yavlensky, U. Bochioni, F. Marinetti and others. The most original, the most famous among them are Kandinsky, Mondrian P., K. Malevich.

“Inventor” of abstractionism is usually referred to Kandinsky, referring to his watercolors of 1910-1912 years, and, of course, his theoretical works, which objectively demonstrate self-sufficiency of art, referring to the ability of art by own resources to create some new reality.

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